What is an Opioid?
An opioid is a synthetic form of an opiate, a drug made to imitate opium. Opioid chemicals bind together opioid receptors,
which are primarily located in the central and peripheral nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Opioids reduce pain. Because of this effect, opioids are found in drugs that are used to treat pain, most prominently morphine, but also in other opiate drugs like codeine, heroin, oxycodone, and hydrocodone.
Causes
Opioid dependence results from the overuse of opiates. Genetic factors can contribute to an individual's use/dependence on opiates. Studies indicate that many people who develop a dependence on opioids suffer from ‘co-morbidity'—distinct diseases (most often psychological) that occur simultaneously and as a result of the user's opiate addiction. Some professionals consider opioid addiction itself to be a psychological disorder.
Signs and Symptoms
- Sluggishness
- Slurred speech
- Poor coordination
- Extreme fatigue
- Itchiness
- Small pupils
- Heavy perspiration
- High bursts of energy followed by extreme crashes
Withdrawal Symptoms
Symptoms from cessation of opiate use typically occur based on a standard time-line, usually in three phases. Some of these symptoms include
- Depression
- Insomnia
- Nausea
- Chills
- Cramps
- Anxiety
Treatment
It’s never easy to admit that you need help. However, if you feel you have a problem, inform someone close to you. Work out a plan to get treatment. While there are not specific rehab centers for every individual opiate, general rehab centers can help. For popular opiates like heroin, there are many rehab centers available.